The Fantom network consists of nodes differentiated into users and validators. The ONLAY framework introduces graph layering on the DAG to achieve reliable ordering of event blocks.
The ONLAY framework leverages specified layers of event blocks to achieve consensus on the final ordering of event blocks and transactions across distributed systems. Each node maintains its own DAG and computes the main chain of financial event blocks. The consensus protocol achieves optimized pBFT with DAG-based finality, determined on valid transactions and honest nodes. Once a block is completed in ONLAY, it will be final without the need for an additional number of block confirmations as in probabilistic finality in Nakamoto consensus (in BTC, ETH).
One more interesting thing is there are three blockchains in the Fantom architecture: the Node Service (NS) blockchain, the OPERA chain, and the Mainchain (MC) blockchain. Blockchain NS stores the node identifiers of the network. OPERA is a directed acyclic graph consisting of event blocks. Blockchain MC is the mainchain, which stores event blocks that are confirmed and finalized by the network.
For the three blockchains listed above:
OPERA sequence period has dynamic timing (1-10 seconds) MC block period has dynamic duration (1-30 seconds) The NS block period has a dynamic time that depends on the MC and OPERA periods Show Less
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